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IDTechEx预测全球蓝氢市场将达到340亿美元时间：2023-02-28 中国石化新闻网讯 据离岸工程网2月23日报道，科技公司IDTechEx在其新报告《2023—2033年蓝色氢生产和市场：技术、预测、参与者》中预测，到2033年，全球蓝色氢市场将增长到340亿美元。 该公司预测，未来蓝氢需求将主要由产业集群驱动，包括炼油、氨和甲醇等一个领域的多个行业。此外，其他应用，如钢铁生产和移动，也将开始出现。 IDTechEx表示，预计大部分蓝氢装机容量将来自欧洲，特别是像英国这样希望用蓝氢和CCUS使其大型产业集群脱碳的国家。 该机构补充说，北美地区也将出现显著增长，主要是由于《通货膨胀减少法案》(Inflation Reduction Act)和许多大型项目的开发推动了美国的发展步伐。 蓝氢是指从化石燃料中生产氢，主要是通过天然气重整或煤气化，其中大部分二氧化碳排放通过碳捕获、利用和存储(CCUS)技术被捕获和存储或用于产品。 大部分二氧化碳排放的去除意味着生产的氢被归类为低碳，根据IDTechEx的说法，低碳制氢是炼油、氨、钢铁和长途运输等难以减排的行业脱碳的关键途径之一。 值得注意的是，这一类别还包括绿色氢，它是通过可再生能源供电的电解产生的。 世界各地的公司正在开发CCUS基础设施，通过在产业集群附近部署基础设施来捕获和存储来自各个行业的排放，IDTechEx指出，这些力量正在加速蓝氢生产，随着全球脱碳努力的加强，预计蓝氢生产将增长。 产生蓝氢有不同的途径： 常规热化学工艺(SMR，ATR，POX) 蒸汽甲烷重整法(SMR)产生灰氢，是目前最发达和应用最广泛的制氢工艺。这是一个能源密集型的过程，排放大量的二氧化碳，已在开发各种技术和材料以改善这个工艺，例如热集成预重整装置和结构化催化剂等。 部分氧化(POX)和自动热重整(ATR)具有更高的能源效率，更容易与碳捕获进行集成。IDTechEx表示，它认为自加热ATR工艺将是大型绿地项目的主要工艺选择，因为它比SMR具有许多优势，而POX在将炼油厂的低价值废物转化为蓝氢方面可能更有用。 甲烷裂解 甲烷裂解是一种新型的过程，可以产生绿松石氢和固体碳化合物，通常以炭黑的形式存在。该领域由初创企业和中小型企业(sme)主导。它可以细分为几个类别。 新型热化学和生物质工艺 IDTechEx表示，这些工艺不会占未来生产的很大一部分，但他们的评估仍然有价值，因为它提供了进一步创新蓝氢生产的技术见解。 在其早期的报告《绿色氢气生产：2023—2033年电解槽市场》中，IDTechEx预测了电解槽和绿色氢气市场的增长。 寿琳玲 编译自 离岸能源网 原文如下： Global blue hydrogen market to reach $34 billion, predicts IDTechEx In its new report ‘Blue Hydrogen Production and Markets 2023-2033: Technologies, Forecasts, Players,’ technology company IDTechEx has forecasted that the global blue hydrogen market will grow to reach $34 billion by 2033. The company predicted that future blue hydrogen demand will be mainly driven by industrial clusters, encompassing many industries in one area, refining, ammonia, and methanol. In addition, other applications, such as steel production and mobility, will also begin to emerge. IDTechEx said it expects that the majority of blue hydrogen capacity installations will come from Europe, particularly from countries like the UK that want to decarbonise their large industrial clusters with blue hydrogen and CCUS. It added that significant growth will also come from North America, mainly due to an increase in the pace of development in the US driven by the Inflation Reduction Act and the development of many large-scale projects. Blue hydrogen refers to the production of hydrogen from fossil fuels, mostly through natural gas reforming or coal gasification, in which most CO2 emissions are captured and stored or used in products via carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) technologies. The removal of most CO2 emissions means that the hydrogen produced is classified as low-carbon, and according to IDTechEx, low-carbon hydrogen production is one of the key paths to decarbonising hard-to-abate industries like oil refining, ammonia, steel, and long-haul transportation. To note, this category also includes green hydrogen, which is produced through electrolysis powered by renewables. CCUS infrastructure is being developed by companies worldwide to capture and store emissions from various industries by locating infrastructure near industrial clusters, and IDTechEx pointed out that those forces are accelerating blue hydrogen production, which is expected to grow as global decarbonisation efforts intensify. There are different routes to producing blue hydrogen: Conventional Thermochemical Processes (SMR, ATR, POX) Steam-methane reforming (SMR) creates grey hydrogen and is today’s most developed and widely used hydrogen production process. It is an energy-intensive process emitting considerable amounts of CO2, and various technologies and materials, such as heat-integrated pre-reformers and structured catalysts, have been developed to improve it. Partial oxidation (POX) and auto thermal reforming (ATR) have higher energy efficiencies and easier integration with carbon capture. IDTechEx said it believes that the self-heating ATR process will be the main process option for large-scale greenfield projects due to its many advantages over SMR, while POX may be more useful in converting low-value waste products from refineries to blue hydrogen. Methane Pyrolysis Methane pyrolysis is an emerging process that creates turquoise hydrogen and solid carbon compounds, usually in the form of carbon black. The field is dominated by start-ups and smaller-to-medium enterprises (SMEs). It can be subdivided into several categories. Novel Thermochemical and Biomass-Based Processes IDTechEx said that these processes will not account for a substantial portion of future production, but their assessment is still valuable because it provides insight into the technologies that could further innovate blue hydrogen production． In its earlier report ‘Green Hydrogen Production: Electrolyzer Markets 2023-2033,’ IDTechEx forecasted the growth of electrolyzer and green hydrogen markets. |
